Indispensable in digital photography, LCD displays.
By The American Bazaar Staff
WASHINGTON, DC: An Indian-origin researcher at the University of Utah, Dr. Rajesh Menon, has developed a polarizing filter that allows in more light, leading the way for mobile device displays that last much longer on a single battery charge and cameras that can shoot in dim light.
Polarizers are indispensable in digital photography and LCD displays, but they block enormous amounts of light, wasting energy and making it more difficult to photograph in low light.
The Utah electrical and computer engineering researchers, led by Menon, created the filter by etching a silicon wafer with nanoscale pillars and holes using a focused gallium-ion beam, according to a press release from the University of Utah.
This new concept in light filtering can perform the same function as a standard polarizer but allows up to nearly 30 percent more light to pass through, says Menon. The study is being published in November’s issue of Optica, a new journal from The Optical Society.
Sunlight as well as most ambient light emits half of its energy as light polarized along a horizontal axis and the other half along a vertical axis. A polarizer typically allows only half of the light to pass because it’s permitting either the horizontal or vertical energy to go through, but not both. Meanwhile, the other half is reflected back or absorbed, but the resulting image is much darker. Polarizers are widely used by photographers, for example, to reduce glare in the image. They also are used in LCD displays to regulate what light passes through to create images on the screen.
“When you take a picture and put the polarized filter on, you are trying to get rid of glare,” Menon says. “But most polarizers will eliminate anywhere from to 60 to 70 percent of the light. You can see it with your eyes.”
Yet with Menon’s new polarizer, much of the light that normally is reflected back is instead converted to the desired polarized state, he says. The researchers have been able to pass through about 74 percent of the light, though their goal is to eventually allow all of the light to pass through.
LCD displays on devices such as smartphones and tablets have two polarizers that ultimately throw away most of the light when working with the liquid crystal display. “If one can increase that energy efficiency, that is a huge increase on the battery life of your display. Or you can make your display brighter,” Menon says.
Menon’s team validated their concept using a polarizer that is only 20 by 20 micrometers and tested with only infrared light. But they plan to increase the size of the filter, use it with visible light, and figure out a way to make it more cost effective to manufacture. Menon says the first marketable applications of this technology could be available in five to 10 years. The technology also could be a boon for photographers who want to bring out more detail in their pictures while shooting in low-light situations and for scientists using microscopes and telescopes to visualize obscure phenomenon.
Prior to joining the University of Utah in August 2009, Menon was a research engineer and a post-doctoral scientist in the Research Laboratory of Electronics at MIT. He received the S.M and Ph.D. degrees, both from MIT. He did his B.E. in Electrical Engineering from the Nanyang Technological University.
From 2005 to 2009, Menon was the Chief Technology Officer of LumArray, Inc, a company he co-founded with colleagues at MIT.